婚姻平權草案(含同性婚姻合法化)－3、聯合國相關條文與引據

既然不論哪一方，都偏好引用聯合國部份的言論。只好先參考一下，約於2004年貼過的《世界人權宣言》：

第二條

人人有資格享有本宣言所載的一切權利和自由，不分種族、膚色、性別、語言、宗教、政治或其他見解、國籍或社會出身、財產、出生或其他身分等任何區別。並且不得因一人所屬的國家或領土的政治的、行政的或者國際的地位之不同而有所區別，無論該領土是獨立領土、託管領土、非自治領土或者處於其他任何主權受限制的情況之下。

Article 2.

Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty.
－The Universal Declaration of Human Rights

顯然，意欲引用的是第16條：

Article 16.

(1) Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution.
(2) Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses.
(3) The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State.

以及《聯合國人權事務》第三部份第23條：

第二十三條

一、家庭是天然的和基本的社會單元，並應受社會和國家的保護。

二、已達結婚年齡的男女締婚和成立家庭的權利應被承認。

三、只有經男女雙方的自由的和完全的同意，才能締婚。

四、本公約締約各國應採取適當步驟以保證締婚雙方在締婚、結婚期間和解除婚約時的權利和責任平等。在解除婚約的情況下，應為兒童規定必要的保護辦法。

請考慮起草時期，是否因為其時代背景，在與時併進的情況下，多次修改細部時，第三部第23條是否已經與第2條有所違抗？

另，在台灣守護家庭官方網站所引用的「CCPR/C/75/D/902/1999」原文於Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Geneva, Switzerland.(瑞士)
在此引用瑞士條文是否便是合乎台灣現況，並適用？

那麼，在此試問，聯合國是否視台灣為一主權獨立之國家，而非中華人民共和國之一部？
若不是，甚至可以悲觀地說，是否，婚姻平權草案通過，在未來的某一天，若是發生政權改變，這一切將化為灰燼？


《世界人權宣言》在其歷史上有載明：

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which was adopted by the UN General Assembly on 10 December 1948, was the result of the experience of the Second World War. With the end of that war, and the creation of the United Nations, the international community vowed never again to allow atrocities like those of that conflict happen again. World leaders decided to complement the UN Charter with a road map to guarantee the rights of every individual everywhere. The document they considered, and which would later become the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, was taken up at the first session of the General Assembly in 1946. The Assembly reviewed this draft Declaration on Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms and transmitted it to the Economic and Social Council "for reference to the Commission on Human Rights for consideration . . . in its preparation of an international bill of rights." The Commission, at its first session early in 1947, authorized its members to formulate what it termed "a preliminary draft International Bill of Human Rights". Later the work was taken over by a formal drafting committee, consisting of members of the Commission from eight States, selected with due regard for geographical distribution.

此為1948年所訂

釋字第 554 號：刑法第二百三十九條對通姦、相姦者處以罪刑，是否違憲？
關於此條文，與對通姦罪的部份，前文已經說明。
是否可說「政治人物的立場常常改變，並不可靠」？立委尤美女律師，亦是政治人物，不是嗎？